Record sog_issuer_circle
Circle
Circle issues USDC and EURC and provides institutional minting and redemption services through Circle Mint.
- Category
- Company or corporate group
- Regulatory character
- Not recorded in canonical data
- Jurisdiction
- United StatesCountry or territory
- Connected assets
- 2
- Relationships
- 2 current0 historical
- Evidence
- 7 source records
Identity and taxonomy
Overview
Public classification, legal-form state, jurisdiction, roles, confidence, and review state remain explicit.| Organization category | Company or corporate group |
|---|---|
| Canonical organization type | Company |
| Legal form | Not recorded in canonical data |
| Legal-form state | Not Recorded |
| Regulatory character | Not recorded in canonical data |
| Jurisdiction | United States |
| Jurisdiction scope | Country or territory |
| Functional roles | Legal issuer |
| Relationship states | Active relationship |
| Primary display relationships | 2 |
| Official website | https://www.circle.com/ |
| Record confidence | Medium |
| Last reviewed | 2026-06-01 |
- Category
- Company or corporate group
- Regulatory character
- Not recorded in canonical data
- Jurisdiction
- United States
- Jurisdiction scope
- Country or territory
- Functional roles
- Legal issuer
- Record confidence
- Medium
Connected assets
Relationships
Current, ended, and unknown relationships remain separate. Primary display is navigation only.Material history
Events
Typed events and organization control actions remain linked to evidence.| Date | Event | Category | Subtype | Status effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-03-13 | USDC operations reopen after the March 2023 banking weekend | Recovery | Depeg Recovery Context | No lifecycle change |
| 2023-03-11 | USDC depeg during March 2023 banking crisis | Depeg and peg stress | Major Depeg | No lifecycle change |
| 2022-06-30 | Euro Coin launches on Ethereum | Launch and introduction | Launch | No lifecycle change |
USDC operations reopen after the March 2023 banking weekend
Recovery · Depeg Recovery Context
No lifecycle changeUSDC depeg during March 2023 banking crisis
Depeg and peg stress · Major Depeg
No lifecycle changeEuro Coin launches on Ethereum
Launch and introduction · Launch
No lifecycle changeProvenance
Evidence
Source identity, publication date, reliability, archive state, and relation count remain separate.| Source | Publisher | Source category | Provenance | Primary or secondary | Supported claims | Archive | Reliability |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Circle Transparency Published Not yet recorded | Circle | Official statement or announcement Canonical: Issuer Statement | Subject-controlled source | Primary source | Reserve, Reserve History, Circle reserve transparency, stablecoin reserve composition, and monthly attestation entry point | No archive recorded | High |
| Circle update on USDC and Silicon Valley Bank exposure Published 2023-03-11 | Circle | Official statement or announcement Canonical: Issuer Statement | Subject-controlled source | Primary source | Depeg Event | No archive recorded | High |
| USDC official product page Published Not yet recorded | Circle | Official statement or announcement Canonical: Issuer Statement | Subject-controlled source | Primary source | Entity Redemption, Redemption Access | No archive recorded | High |
| Circle update after federal banking actions in March 2023 Published 2023-03-12 | Circle | Official statement or announcement Canonical: Issuer Statement | Subject-controlled source | Primary source | Depeg Recovery, Depeg recovery | No archive recorded | High |
| 2026 USDC Examination Report January 2026 Published 2026-02-26 | Circle Internet Group | Reserve, assurance, or financial report Canonical: Reserve Report | Assurance or financial-report source | Primary source | Reserve Report | No archive recorded | High |
| USDC contract addresses Published Not yet recorded | Circle Developers | Official documentation or product page Canonical: Protocol Docs | Subject-controlled source | Primary source | Deployment Contracts | No archive recorded | High |
| USDC Terms Published 2025-12-12 | Circle | Legal terms or disclosure Canonical: Legal Terms | Subject-controlled source | Primary source | holder redemption right, Circle Mint eligibility, reserve ownership for users, reserve segregation, and one-to-one redemption | Direct archived snapshot | High |
Circle Transparency
- Publisher
- Circle
- Published
- Not recorded
- Reliability
- High
Circle update on USDC and Silicon Valley Bank exposure
- Publisher
- Circle
- Published
- 2023-03-11
- Reliability
- High
USDC official product page
- Publisher
- Circle
- Published
- Not recorded
- Reliability
- High
Circle update after federal banking actions in March 2023
- Publisher
- Circle
- Published
- 2023-03-12
- Reliability
- High
2026 USDC Examination Report January 2026
- Publisher
- Circle Internet Group
- Published
- 2026-02-26
- Reliability
- High
USDC contract addresses
- Publisher
- Circle Developers
- Published
- Not recorded
- Reliability
- High
USDC Terms
- Publisher
- Circle
- Published
- 2025-12-12
- Reliability
- High
Uncertainty
Known unknowns
Reviewed gaps remain visible instead of being converted into false certainty.historical_low_price
Lowest observed USDC price and exact depeg duration vary by data source and need a source-specific value before display.
- Severity
- Medium
- Last checked
- 2026-06-03
PR-024A added issuer, reserve, redemption, and selected deployment sources, but no market data source has been selected for a canonical low price.
chain_deployment_status
Native vs bridged USDC status across all supported networks needs source-backed chain-by-chain review before SOG treats deployment coverage as complete.
- Severity
- Medium
- Last checked
- 2026-06-04
PR-024A added selected Ethereum, Base, and Solana contract references, but full deployment coverage remains incomplete.
mica_context
EURC MiCA compliance and EU regulatory context should be backed by direct Circle and official regulatory sources before SOG treats it as a complete jurisdictional record.
- Severity
- Medium
- Last checked
- 2026-06-05
PR-028B separates MiCA context from reserve and deployment topics.
reserve_report_history
EURC monthly reserve or attestation report history needs exact period-level report URLs before SOG displays a historical reserve timeline.
- Severity
- Medium
- Last checked
- 2026-06-05
PR-028B added Circle transparency as an entry point only.
circle_mint_access
EURC conversion through Circle Mint, account eligibility, business access, geography, and retail availability need source-specific explanation.
- Severity
- Medium
- Last checked
- 2026-06-05
Keep Circle Mint access separate from exchange trading and wallet availability.
chain_contracts
EURC chain-by-chain contract, token mint, or asset issuer references for Avalanche, Base, Ethereum, Solana, and Stellar need official source review before final address display.
- Severity
- Medium
- Last checked
- 2026-06-05
PR-028B split deployment rows by chain but leaves exact identifiers as source-review needed.
Maintenance